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Hi Stef, what role should history play in determining philosophical truths or falsehoods? I ask this question knowing your background in history and how you have integrated it into your communication of philosophy, however, the point of conflict for me is this.
When history is used as evidence for a problem existing, the debate is then about causality rather than principles.
Since causality can't be proven with certainty, neither is it encouraged because we have free will, the utility of a philosophical claim rests on whether or not the person is persuaded by the causality you have presented. From a logical and syllogistic point of view, the argument might be valid, but it might not be true without the empirical evidence to back it up since put simply, truth is a status that a claim has relative to its correspondence with the world.
For example, if you were to say child abuse is wrong, and use reason alone to make that argument, someone might not be convinced that how we treat children is even a problem. As such, you’ll then need to use history to support your reasoning. You would examine the French revolution, the childhoods of people in call-ins, look at other literature and research that uses a greater data set of human history to investigate if how we treat children is a problem.
At this point, someone might then be convinced since you have presented them with history, but maybe instead they’ll debate you on the causality of historical events. You won’t be able to convince them through principles, nor history. You could even try delve into their childhood only for them to say that they turned out alright.
At this point, we determine that the person can’t be reasoned with regarding this topic and move on, however, the problem remains regarding the role that history plays in making a philosophical claim that is valid, useful. If people can’t accept a truth statement, it isn’t useful even if it is true. History seems to be indispensable in persuading other people to accept truth statements, however, the battle is then about causality and how it is perceived or interpreted rather than principles.
If the first battle as a philosopher is about making valid truth statements, is the next battle about using history to persuade others of their validity, thereby rendering them ‘useful’? Is the final battle for the human mind about causality now that UPB is in the picture?
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In this November 12th, 2025 Wednesday Night Live, philosopher Stefan Molyneux discusses the moral responsibilities of believers versus non-believers with a caller, while another caller questions the justification of harsh responses to minor theft. The episode also tackles peaceful parenting, with Stefan emphasizing the importance of boundaries and non-violence. Overall, it fosters critical thinking about morality and human interactions.
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Stefan Molyneux unpacks a compelling question from a subscriber about Ayn Rand's claim that epistemology is the highest branch of philosophy. He clarifies his argument that moral philosophy may actually take precedence, unpacking Rand’s view that reason equals virtue and serves humanity's flourishing. He challenges this correlation by discussing how individual actions, driven by self-interest, can yield success at odds with societal well-being. He explores discomforting truths about ethics and morality, highlighting contradictions in Rand's arguments and how unethical behavior can sometimes lead to personal success. Stefan also examines Rand's perspectives on societal obligations and the implications for individualism, questioning the effectiveness of a purely reason-based morality in our complex realities. Throughout, Stefan reflects on historical contexts and Rand's life experiences, advocating for a nuanced understanding of morality that transcends traditional ethical frameworks.
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